

Oceanography: Exploring Earth's Final Wilderness
Gratis proefversie van The Great Courses Signature Collection of kopen
Prime-lidmaatschap vereist
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Afleveringen
S1 AFL. 1 - Diving In—The Ocean Adventure
18 december 202431min.Begin your study of the ocean from every angle, examining Earth's watery realm in light of geology, biology, chemistry, meteorology, and other fields. In this lecture, survey the extent of the ocean and the approaches that oceanographers take to understanding it.Gratis proefversie van The Great Courses Signature Collection of kopenS1 AFL. 2 - Explorers, Navigators, Pioneering Scientists
18 december 202433min.The early explorers of the ocean were interested in charting its islands, dimensions, and resources—and in using it as a highway for trade. Relive the exploits of these mariners, who included Europeans, Chinese, and Polynesians. Only later did scientific exploration of the ocean begin.Gratis proefversie van The Great Courses Signature Collection of kopenS1 AFL. 3 - Ocean Basics and Ocean Basins
18 december 202432min.As recently as the 1950s, geologists envisioned the ocean basins as a submerged version of the continents. Explore the topography of the seabed, discovering that it is shaped by geological forces fundamentally different from those on land.Gratis proefversie van The Great Courses Signature Collection of kopenS1 AFL. 4 - Mapping the Sea—Soundings to Satellites
18 december 202434min.The ocean floor was once as mysterious as the surface of another planet. Investigate the technologies involved in measuring bathymetry, the undersea counterpart of topography. Weighted ropes and cables for gauging the depth of the sea have given way to sophisticated sonar from ships and radar from satellites.Gratis proefversie van The Great Courses Signature Collection of kopenS1 AFL. 5 - Habitats—Sunlit Shelves to the Dark Abyss
18 december 202432min.Take a tour of organisms that live from the shallows to the ocean floor. Learn how to classify ocean zones, and discover the importance of temperature, chemistry, nutrients, light, and other factors for different life forms—from active swimmers to passive floaters and bottom dwellers.Gratis proefversie van The Great Courses Signature Collection of kopenS1 AFL. 6 - The Spreading Sea Floor and Mid-Ocean Ridges
18 december 202433min.What made the ocean floor the way it is? Trace the evidence that ocean basins are geologically young and that new oceanic crust is being continually formed at mid-ocean ridges, pushing and rifting continental plates in a process called plate tectonics.Gratis proefversie van The Great Courses Signature Collection of kopenS1 AFL. 7 - The Plunging Sea Floor and Deep-Sea Trenches
18 december 202432min.Investigate subduction zones, where oceanic crust plunges beneath an overriding tectonic plate. These margins are associated with deep-sea trenches, earthquakes, tsunamis, and volcanoes. Examine other features, such as hotspots, which are a mid-plate phenomenon that includes the Hawaiian Islands chain.Gratis proefversie van The Great Courses Signature Collection of kopenS1 AFL. 8 - The Formation of the Earth and Its Ocean
18 december 202430min.Cover 9 billion years of cosmic history—from the big bang, to the accretion of the sun and planets, to the formation of Earth's oceans 4 billion years ago. The water in the oceans came from water vapor in volcanic eruptions and possibly from comet impacts.Gratis proefversie van The Great Courses Signature Collection of kopenS1 AFL. 9 - The Early Ocean and the Origins of Life
18 december 202434min.Explore scenarios for the origin of life, which may have begun around deep-sea hot springs. The oceans have maintained roughly the same conditions over the entire history of life on Earth, even though the sea floor has renewed itself many times over through plate tectonics.Gratis proefversie van The Great Courses Signature Collection of kopenS1 AFL. 10 - Marine Sediments—Archives of the Ocean
18 december 202431min.Ocean sediments are like tree rings that can be "read" as a history of the ocean and climate through time. Investigate the different sources of sediments, which range from products of erosion on land, to the remains of sea creatures, to ejecta from asteroid impacts.Gratis proefversie van The Great Courses Signature Collection of kopenS1 AFL. 11 - Offshore Oil and Gas—Resources and Risks
18 december 202434min.Learn the origin of petroleum and natural gas deposits, which formed under very specific conditions in marine sediments. As an example of the challenges of oil recovery, survey the technology of deep-water drilling, focusing on the disastrous blow-out in the Gulf of Mexico in 2010.Gratis proefversie van The Great Courses Signature Collection of kopenS1 AFL. 12 - The Enduring Chemistry of Seawater
18 december 202430min.Why is the sea salty? Why isn't it getting saltier? Probe these and other mysteries of ocean chemistry, looking at the remarkable stability and uniformity of seawater over time. Also study the role of water and the conjectured role of life in driving plate tectonics.Gratis proefversie van The Great Courses Signature Collection of kopenS1 AFL. 13 - How the Physics of Water Controls the Ocean
18 december 202432min.Analyze the surprising properties that keep the ocean liquid and make water the defining physical substance for life. Among them is its ability to retain heat, which has kept Earth in a narrow temperature range hospitable to life for billions of years. Also investigate the propagation of light in water and why the ocean is blue.Gratis proefversie van The Great Courses Signature Collection of kopenS1 AFL. 14 - Waves—Motion in the Ocean
18 december 202430min.Chart the dynamics of wind-generated waves, which include almost all ocean waves. See how they form, grow in size, travel for thousands of miles, and then break on shore. The big waves preferred by surfers come from remote regions that have the ocean's stormiest weather.Gratis proefversie van The Great Courses Signature Collection of kopenS1 AFL. 15 - Rogue Waves and Tsunami
18 december 202432min.Long considered a mariners' tall tale, abnormally high "rogue" waves are now well documented. Understand the physics of why they form and the yearly toll they take on shipping. Then study tsunami, or seismic sea waves, which are generated when undersea earthquakes displace huge volumes of water, often with catastrophic results.Gratis proefversie van The Great Courses Signature Collection of kopenS1 AFL. 16 - Tides in Theory and Practice
18 december 202430min.Tides are caused by the gravitational attraction of the moon and, to a lesser extent, the sun. Learn that the timing and height of tides are far more complex than the daily motions of the moon and sun suggest—due to the influences of coastal features, the Coriolis effect, and other factors.Gratis proefversie van The Great Courses Signature Collection of kopenS1 AFL. 17 - Marine Life, Energy, and Food Webs
18 december 202434min.Trace the path of energy and food through oceanic ecosystems, which have a far higher turnover of biomass than the terrestrial equivalents. As a result, most of what grows in the oceans is very quickly consumed. Learn why warm, temperate seas are often nutrient-poor compared with polar waters.Gratis proefversie van The Great Courses Signature Collection of kopenS1 AFL. 18 - Tiny Plankton—The Most Abundant Life on Earth
18 december 202431min.Survey some of the many species of plankton, which are passive, floating, and drifting organisms. Microscopic plankton are ubiquitous throughout the oceans and represent all three of the basic biological domains: Archaea, Bacteria, and Eukarya.Gratis proefversie van The Great Courses Signature Collection of kopenS1 AFL. 19 - Soft-Bodied Life in the Dark, Open Depths
18 december 202433min.Investigate the soft-bodied organisms that live at great depths and have no skeletons or shells. Little known until recently, this group includes a variety of creatures whose amorphous bodies are often destroyed by nets and who only came to light through studies from submersibles.Gratis proefversie van The Great Courses Signature Collection of kopenS1 AFL. 20 - Swimming—The Many Fish in the Sea
18 december 202434min.Contrasting with free-floating plankton, nekton are the ocean's swimmers. In this lecture, study the most numerous nekton—fish—focusing on their streamlining, gills, schooling, and other adaptations. Also, examine mollusks, including the octopus, squid, and nautilus.Gratis proefversie van The Great Courses Signature Collection of kopenS1 AFL. 21 - Marine Birds, Reptiles, and Mammals
18 december 202434min.Turn to the nekton among birds, reptiles, and mammals. These feature some of the most magnificent creatures on the planet, including albatrosses, Sooty Shearwaters, sea turtles, manatees, seals, sea lions, whales, and dolphins. Focus on the adaptations that allow them to thrive in marine environments.Gratis proefversie van The Great Courses Signature Collection of kopenS1 AFL. 22 - Whaling, Fisheries, and Farming the Ocean
18 december 202434min.Examine the economic exploitation of marine life, beginning with the history of whaling and continuing to the present, when fishing is the only significant source of hunted food. Weigh the alternatives of commercial fishing and mariculture in an era of rapidly declining fish populations.Gratis proefversie van The Great Courses Signature Collection of kopenS1 AFL. 23 - Where Sea Meets the Land and Why Coasts Vary
18 december 202432min.Have you ever walked along a beach or stood on a high cliff overlooking the sea and wondered how the land got to be that way? Learn how erosion, deposition, sea-level change, plate tectonics, and other factors have produced the characteristic coastlines of the world.Gratis proefversie van The Great Courses Signature Collection of kopenS1 AFL. 24 - Where Rivers Meet the Sea—Estuaries and Deltas
18 december 202430min.River mouths, deltas, tidal inlets, fjords, and enclosed bays are places where freshwater and seawater mix. Explore these complex zones, which are among the most biologically productive ecosystems on Earth. Many marine organisms carry out key parts of their lifecycles in such environments.Gratis proefversie van The Great Courses Signature Collection of kopenS1 AFL. 25 - Coastal Erosion—Beaches and Sea Cliffs
18 december 202431min.Coastlines are constantly changing features. Examine what happens when structures are built to halt or reverse the change, especially at a time when sea level is rising. Most human-engineered solutions turn out to be short-term at best, and many have unintended consequences.Gratis proefversie van The Great Courses Signature Collection of kopen
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