Thinking About Religion and Violence
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Thinking About Religion and Violence

Säsong 1
Embark on a global, 24-lecture investigation of the roots of religious violence that offers more informed ways of thinking about it. You’ll consider how faiths view concepts like human sacrifice and martyrdom, the ways religious violence can be directed toward specific races and genders, and concepts like heresy and demonology.
201124 avsnittÖVER 7 ÅR
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Avsnitt

  1. S1 A1Religion and Violence: A Strange Nexus

    16 oktober 2011
    31 min
    ÖVER 7 ÅR
    What is the essence of religious violence? What are the historical trends that explain the relationship between religious beliefs and violence? What are some problematic ways we often frame the issue of religious violence? Begin your exploration of these and other perplexing questions about this complex subject.
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  2. S1 A2Defining Religion and Violence

    26 april 2018
    29 min
    ÖVER 7 ÅR
    Get a solid introduction to different ways of recognizing and studying religion as a way to start making sense of religious violence. Central to this lecture is the idea that religion and violence exist in a fluid relationship, which can make the boundary between religious and non-religious identities fuzzy as well.
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  3. S1 A3Violence in Sacred Texts

    28 januari 1961
    31 min
    ÖVER 7 ÅR
    Explore the special power and authority that sacred texts have for religious practitioners, and how some people invoke these stories and images to legitimize violence. Consider several prevalent themes found in sacred texts like the Bible, the Bhagavad-Gita, and the Qur'an: vengeful deities, holy wars, and holy suffering.
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  4. S1 A4Martyrdom, Sacrifice, and Self-Harm

    26 april 2018
    31 min
    ÖVER 7 ÅR
    Sacrifice is one of the most fundamental building blocks of religion. Here, examine how and why people commit self-harm and sacrifice for religious purposes. Topics include animal sacrifice during India's Vedic period, self-denial and asceticism (such as vows of celibacy), and religious suicides from ancient Rome to the modern era.
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  5. S1 A5Scapegoating and Demonology

    26 april 2018
    31 min
    ÖVER 7 ÅR
    Discover how religious violence is almost always justified by portraying its targets as something other than human, or as malevolent. Professor Bivins explains how the social process of Other-ing has led religions to process and create fear through scapegoats, demons and monsters, false gods, and Antichrist figures.
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  6. S1 A6Understanding Witch Trials

    26 april 2018
    31 min
    ÖVER 7 ÅR
    One of the most effective ways of demonstrating religious power is through trial and punishment. Examine the use of law and the meanings of public displays of violence as seen in historical cases of witch hunting and witch trials. Witches, it turns out, are in many ways more reviled than demons.
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  7. S1 A7The Apocalyptic Outlook

    26 april 2018
    30 min
    ÖVER 7 ÅR
    For humans, the world is always about to end. Using examples like the People's Temple, the Branch Davidians, and Aum Shinrikyo, as well as 19th-century America, explore the meanings of apocalypticism as a form of human meaning-making, as well as its role in the phenomenon of religious violence.
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  8. S1 A8Racial Violence and Religion

    26 april 2018
    31 min
    ÖVER 7 ÅR
    Focus here on a very specific aspect of Other-ing: the idea of different races as the objects of religious violence. First, examine how religions generate racial ideas. Then, take a closer look at two very different expressions of racial religion: white supremacist Christianity and the Nation of Islam.
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  9. S1 A9Religion and Violence against Women

    26 april 2018
    31 min
    ÖVER 7 ÅR
    In this lecture, investigate the gendering of religious language and the treatment of women's bodies in religious practices like menstrual seclusion and self-sacrifice. Also, study the anxiety around women that occurred during the Salem witch trials, as well as competing interpretations of women's freedom and constraint in Islam.
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  10. S1 A10Sexuality, Morality, and Punishment

    26 april 2018
    33 min
    ÖVER 7 ÅR
    How have religious traditions responded to sexuality with demonization, social constraint, and physical assault? What are some of the oldest, most outlandish forms of religious self-discipline? How has religious and political persecution worked to target specific issues related to sexuality and morality (specifically abortion and homosexuality)?
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  11. S1 A11Heresies and Their Suppression

    26 april 2018
    32 min
    ÖVER 7 ÅR
    Generally speaking, heresies exist in every religious tradition. Professor Bivins explains how religious violence can consist not only of physical harm against people or groups but of legal constraints, denials of basic liberties, and misrepresentation. Examples you'll consider include Pope Gregory IX's heresy courts and the trial of Galileo.
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  12. S1 A12Religion and Just War Theory

    7 oktober 1951
    30 min
    ÖVER 7 ÅR
    When is it permissible to go to war? Learn how Hindus, Buddhists, Jews, Christians, and Muslims have all wrestled - morally, conceptually, strategically - with questions about how to balance religious ideals with real-world conflicts, and how religions define violence in the context of war as a necessary, limited evil.
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  13. S1 A13Peace as a Religious Ideal

    25 februari 2020
    32 min
    ÖVER 7 ÅR
    While sacred texts contain passages on warfare and violence, they also contain maxims, stories, and images exhorting believers to peace. What are the challenges of pacifism? Examine the issue through three historical cases: Mahatma Gandhi, 20th-century American Catholic pacifism, and the Muslim scholar Sheikh al-Hajj Salim Suwari.
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  14. S1 A14War Gods and Holy War

    17 april 2015
    31 min
    ÖVER 7 ÅR
    Focus on the role of war gods in human cultures and sacred texts. Then, take an extended look at the medieval Crusades, as well as Cold War religious imagery. It turns out the roots of war gods aren't as removed from our present day as we'd like to think.
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  15. S1 A15Religious Violence in Israel

    26 april 2018
    31 min
    ÖVER 7 ÅR
    A big challenge in understanding interreligious conflict is figuring out the role national identity plays. See why this is the case in modern-day Israel, where conflicts between Judaism, Christianity, and Islam demonstrate the fractious experience of overlapping histories and the limits of secular power in a complex religious world.
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  16. S1 A16Religious Violence in India

    26 april 2018
    32 min
    ÖVER 7 ÅR
    First, look at the historical relationship of religious ethics to public life in India. Then, consider the legacy of colonialism in contributing to the rise of interreligious violence (especially surrounding Sikhism). Last, examine the Hindu hyper-nationalism known as Hindutva and the widely-discussed phenomenon called Saffron Terror.
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  17. S1 A17Religion's Relationship with Slavery

    26 april 2018
    30 min
    ÖVER 7 ÅR
    How have religions wrestled with - but also condoned - the brutal institution of slavery (especially in the United States of America)? What you'll learn in this eye-opening lecture is that, while some of slavery's most powerful critics have been full-throated religious practitioners, the same can be said of slavery's defenders.
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  18. S1 A18Native Americans and Religious Violence

    26 april 2018
    30 min
    ÖVER 7 ÅR
    Trace the role of violence in and around Native American traditions. How common is land displacement or outright theft? What's the relationship between competing gods and vengeful ghosts? Is the story of indigenous peoples inseparable from colonialism and imperialism, which are often motivated to eradicate indigenous faiths?
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  19. S1 A19Violence and "Cults"

    15 maj 1973
    29 min
    ÖVER 7 ÅR
    Study the key characteristics that make a group a "cult," including a desire for authenticity and a new pattern of life that breaks with mainstream culture. Then, use Mormonism, China's Falun Gong, and the Solar Temple as ways to explore why some new religions provoke violence and others practice it.
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  20. S1 A20Anti-Catholicism in Europe and America

    26 april 2018
    31 min
    ÖVER 7 ÅR
    In the first of two lectures on the power of stereotypes and misrepresentation to justify religious violence, look at how church reformers in Europe and the United States of America produced a series of enduring, negative images and stereotypes of Catholics: as degenerate, orgiastic, drunken, and power-mad.
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  21. S1 A21The Persistence of Anti-Semitism

    26 april 2018
    31 min
    ÖVER 7 ÅR
    Turn now to one of the more glaring and persistent traditions of anti-religious violence: anti-Semitism. Why has this form of historical suffering become an intimate component of Jewish identity? How is it portrayed in scriptural stories like Exodus, as well as modern-day moments of persecution and social marginalization?
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  22. S1 A22Islam, Violence, and Islamophobia

    26 april 2018
    32 min
    ÖVER 7 ÅR
    Here, look at Islam and violence from different perspectives. Shed light on the negative stereotypes and representations common to discrimination against Muslims. Explore how Islamophobia depends on generalization and exaggeration, then consider Muslim theological sources of violence in the modern world, as well as significant examples of Islamic revolution.
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  23. S1 A23Religion and Terrorism

    26 april 2018
    31 min
    ÖVER 7 ÅR
    In this lecture, do more than just focus on how to define terrorism. Instead, try and understand how and why terrorists see the world as they do - a task worth undertaking if we're serious about understanding contemporary problems with religious violence. Your case studies here: Gush Emunim, Hezbollah, and al-Qaeda.
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  24. S1 A24What We Can Do About Religious Violence

    26 april 2018
    33 min
    ÖVER 7 ÅR
    How can we change a world that produces so much religious violence? Professor Bivins starts with tools for individuals and proceeding from there through communities, nations, and international institutions. The important thing: to think concretely about religious violence rather than be numbed into fear or inaction.
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